Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, uninzi lwabantu lukholelwa ukuba intsimbi engenasigaba ingenguye imagneti kwaye isebenzise imagnethi yokuyichaza. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayisiyo isandi sesayensi. Okokuqala, izabelo zeZinc kunye ne-alfayili ye-zin inokuthi ifune inkangeleko kwaye inqongophayo, ekhokelela kwinkolelo ephosakeleyo ukuba ayinantsimbi engenasiseko. Nelona lixhaphana eliqhelekileyo elisebenzisa iBanga le-Staiel, 304, linokubonakalisa iidigri ezahlukeneyo zemagnetism emva kokusebenza kubanda. Ke ngoko, sixhomekeke kuphela kwimagnethi yokufumanisa ubunyani bensimbi engenanto.
Ke, yintoni ebangela i-magnetism kwintsimbi engenasigaba?
Ngokutsho kophononongo lwefizithi yezinto eziphathekayo, i-magnetism yentsimbi isuselwa kwisakhiwo se-elektroni. I-Electron Spin yipropathi ye-quem ye-quem enokuba "phezulu" okanye "phantsi." Kwizixhobo ze-ferromagnetic, ii-elektroniki zilungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo kwicala elinye, ngelixa i-Antiferroomagnetic, ezinye ii-electroni zilandela iipateni eziqhelekileyo, kwaye i-eletrons ezingabamelwane zine-spins ezichaseneyo okanye i-antiparal spins. Nangona kunjalo, kwii-elektroni kwiileyile zonxantathu, kufuneka zonke zijikeleze kwicala elinye kwinxantathu nganye, ekhokelela ekungabikho konxantathu wesigcawu.
Ngokubanzi, intsimbi engenasimo sengqondo i-Austetitic (emelwe ngama-304) ayingowangenzi imagnething kodwa inokuthi ibonise i-magnetism ebuthathaka. I-Ferrictic (ikakhulu ingama-430, 409L, 439, ne-435NF, phakathi kwezinye) kwaye uMartietic (omelwe ngama-410) amathambo angaqhelekanga. Xa amanqanaba ensizi engenanto ingama-304 ahlelwa njenge-non-manytic, kuthetha iipropathi zabo zemagneti ziwela ngaphantsi komda othile; Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwamabakala elinensiza ibonisa inqanaba elithile le-magnetim. Ukongeza, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, i-Austerite ayizizo zizinto ezingenamagqabini okanye ezibuthathaka kakhulu, ngelixa i-Fertic kwaye iFerrite kunye neMartic zimagnethi. Unyango olungafanelekanga lobushushu okanye i-disporating yokuqhekeka ngexesha lokunyibilikisa kunokubangela ukuba ubukho beemali ezincinci ze-martiaticicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicicic okanye izakhiwo ezingenazibala.
Ngaphaya koko, intsimbi ye-304 yentsimbi inokuguqula i-Martite, kwaye eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi i-mayneting eyomeleleyo. Ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-magnetism kwi-304 intsimbi engenasitali, unyango oluphezulu lobushushu lunokwenziwa ukubuyisela isakhiwo esimiselweyo.
Kwisishwankathelo, i-magneting yezinto ezibonakalayo zigqitywe rhoqo ngokulinganayo kunye nolungelelwaniso lwe-elektroniki spins. Ithathwa njengempahla emzimbeni. Ukuchasana nokunganyangeki kwempahla, kwelinye icala, kugqitywa kukwenziwa kwayo imichiza kwaye uzimele kwi-maynetism yayo.
Sinethemba lokuba le nkcazo ifutshane iluncedo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na eminye imibuzo malunga nentsimbi engenasimo, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukubonisa inkonzo yabathengi be-Estic Constic okanye ishiye umyalezo, kwaye siya konwaba ukukunceda.
IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA: UNv-15 ukuya ku-523