Dusha sare ee ka hor inta aan daaweynta lahayn

Xaaladda dusha sare iyo nadaafadda ee substrate kahor inta daaweynta biraha ee ay si toos ah u saameyn doonto tayada lakabka naafada. Dusha sare ee substrate-ka guud ahaan waxaa lagu daboolaa lakabka okside-ka, lakabka adsorvation, iyo ku hoggaansanaanta wasakhooyinka sida saliida iyo miridhku. Haddii kuwan aan si hufan loo saari karin, waxay si toos ah u saameyn doontaa xoogga xidhiidhka ee u dhexeeya lakabka naafada iyo sunta, iyo sidoo kale cabirka crystale, cufnaanta, midabka muuqaalka, iyo jilicsanaanta lakabka naafada ah. Tani waxay u horseedi kartaa cilado ay ka mid yihiin burooyinka, diirka, ama ka-hortagga lakabka naafada, ka hortagga sameynta lakabka jilicsan oo dhalaalaya oo leh isku-dhafan wanaagsan oo ku dhajisa substrate. Helitaanka dusha nadiifka ah ee horay loo sii diyaariyey iyada oo loo marayo daaweyn dusha sare ah waa shardi u ah sameynta lakabyo kala duwan oo xasaasi ah oo si adag isugu xidhan substrate.